Kubernetes provides many knobs for managing common system resources such as vCPUs and memory limits per Pod, but often forgotten is the effect of unbounded network communication in a cluster. A large churn of packets from several services can starve bandwidth for other services. Also, out of the box TCP congestion management is not optimal for Internet-facing services. In this talk we will explore how eBPF can be leveraged to dynamically insert logic for flexible, efficient and scalable rate limiting and bandwidth management on a per-Pod basis. This talk details: - The scalability limits of token bucket filters by the bandwidth plugin, and why EDT (Earliest Departure Time) combined with eBPF is a major step forward. - How TCP congestion control with BBR can now be leveraged for Pods thanks to eBPF for significantly improving application latency and throughput. - The benefits of enforcing bandwidth limits at the egress point and considerations when to use ingress enforcement.
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